Resumen La globalización ha eliminado brechas comerciales que limitaban las relaciones internacionales, uno de los fundamentos de la economía moderna que impulsó el desarrollo de miles de negocios. El problema, la saturación del mercado donde se ofrecen los mismos servicios o bienes, dejando a la deriva empresas que no pueden adaptarse a la variabilidad en la demanda u ofrecer ese valor añadido o singular que marca la diferencia de la competencia. El presente proyecto se desarrolla en una empresa comercializadora de productos para riego en la zona noroeste del estado de Sonora. La problemática es la presencia de problemas de organización en almacén, lo que se traduce en tiempos excesivos en atención y servicio al cliente, agotamiento, sobre inventario, pérdida de productos y registros conflictivos. Mediante la implementación de varios elementos de control y gestión se desarrolló un sistema de control de inventario, capaz de mejorar el flujo de materiales en almacén y llevar registros precisos y confiables al enlazar herramientas físicas y digitales; la implementación de estas acciones de mejora se expresan en el incremento significativo de la satisfacción del cliente al proveer el producto correcto en tiempo y forma. La metodología e implementación presentan la importancia de cada elemento dentro del sistema, la dependencia entre estos y la capacidad de adaptarse a las necesidades y limitantes de la empresa. Estos métodos, técnicas u herramientas utilizadas son de uso común en el campo de la ingeniería industrial, lo cual habilita una sencilla integración y entendimiento en empresas con poca experiencia en el tema.

Abstract Globalization has eliminated trade gaps that limited international relations, one of the foundations of the modern economy that boosted the development of thousands of businesses; the problem, the saturation of the market where the same services or goods are offered, leaving apart companies that cannot adapt to the variability in demand or offer that added or unique value that makes the difference from the competition. This project is developed in a trading company for irrigation products in the northwestern area of the state of Sonora. The presence of serious organizational problems in the warehouse, results in long customer service times, exhaustion, over-inventory, loss of products and conflicting records. Through the implementation of several control and management elements, an inventory control system is developed capable of improving the flow of materials in the warehouse and keeping accurate and reliable records by linking physical and digital tools, all of which allowed the increase in customer satisfaction by providing the correct product in a timely manner. The methodology and implementation present the importance of each element within the system, the dependence between them and the ability to adapt to the needs and limitations of the company. These methods, techniques or tools used are of little complexity in the field of industrial engineering, which enables a simple integration and understanding in companies with little experience in the subject.

RESUMEN La pandemia por el nuevo coronavirus denominado SARS-CoV-2 plantea retos sin precedentes en la atención de la salud. Entre ellos se cuenta el aumento en los casos de delirium. La enfermedad grave por SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, tiene vulnerabilidades comunes con el delirium y produce alteraciones en órganos como el pulmón o el cerebro, entre otros, que tienen potencial para precipitar el trastorno mental; de hecho, este puede ser la primera manifestación de la infección, antes de la fiebre, el malestar general, la tos o las alteraciones respiratorias. Está ampliamente sustentado que el delirium incrementa la morbilidad y la mortalidad de quienes lo padecen durante una hospitalización, por lo que se debe buscar activamente para realizar las intervenciones pertinentes. Ante la ausencia de evidencia sobre el abordaje del delirium en el contexto de la COVID-19, se elaboró este consenso sobre tres aspectos fundamentales: diagnóstico, tratamiento no farmacológico y tratamiento farmacológico, en pacientes ingresados en el hospital general. El documento contiene recomendaciones sobre uso sistemático de herramientas diagnósticas, cuándo hospitalizar al paciente con delirium, la aplicación de acciones no farmacológicas dentro de las restricciones que impone la COVID-19 y la utilización de antipsicóticos teniendo en cuenta los efectos secundarios más relevantes y las interacciones farmacológicas.

ABSTRACT The pandemic caused by the new coronavirus named SARS-CoV-2 poses unprecedented challenges in the health care. Among them is the increase in cases of delirium. The severe SARS-CoV-2 disease, COVID-19, has common vulnerabilities with delirium and produces alterations in organs such as the lungs or the brain, among others, which have the potential to trigger the mental disorder. In fact, delirium may be the first manifestation of the infection, before fever, general malaise, cough or respiratory disturbances. It is widely supported that delirium increases the morbidity and mortality in those who suffer from it during hospitalization, so it should be actively sought to carry out the relevant interventions. In the absence of evidence on the approach to delirium in the context of COVID-19, this consensus was developed on three fundamental aspects: diagnosis, non-pharmacological treatment and pharmacological treatment, in patients admitted to the general hospital. The document contains recommendations on the systematic use of diagnostic tools, when to hospitalize the patient with delirium, the application of non-pharmacological actions within the restrictions imposed by COVID-19, and the use of antipsychotics, taking into account the most relevant side effects and pharmacological interactions.

Abstract: The present study aims to develop an automated ergonomic evaluation system, based on the OWAS method, for assessing a steel bar bending process performed at a construction company in Mexico. The system evaluates production operators’ postures and movements by using Microsoft´s Kinect sensor. To perform each ergonomic evaluation, the software processes information captured by the sensor, which detects movement of human body joints. The proposed methodology specifies the creation, development, and testing of the system during a repetitive operation, which is known historically for causing the highest number of injuries and work-related disabilities. The result is an automated tool capable of developing ergonomic evaluations in real time. Reliability and effectiveness is demonstrated statistically (95% confidence) by comparing the software’s automated evaluation with that of an expert (traditional evaluation). It is concluded that the automated system developed here delivers ergonomic evaluations that yield reliable and safe results that can improve decision-making processes.

Resumen: En este estudio se propone un sistema automatizado para evaluación ergonómica, a partir del método OWAS, en un proceso de doblado de barras de acero en una empresa constructora de México. El sistema evalúa posturas y movimientos de operadores del área de producción utilizando el sensor Kinect (Microsoft). Para realizar la evaluación ergonómica, el software procesa la información que captura el dispositivo mediante la posición de las articulaciones del cuerpo. Se especifica la creación, desarrollo y prueba del sistema en un proceso repetitivo que, historicamanete, provoca el mayor número de lesiones e incapacidades laborales. Se obtiene como resultado una herramienta automatizada capaz de desarrollar evaluaciones ergonómicas en tiempo real. Se demuestra estadísticamente (95% de confianza) la confiabilidad y efectividad del sistema comparando la evaluación automatizada del software y una evaluación tradicional de un experto. Se concluye que el sistema automatizado diseñado proporciona evaluaciones ergonómicas con resultados confiables y seguros que pueden servir para una buena toma de decisiones.

RESUMEN Objetivo: describir las prácticas farmacológicas y no farmacológicas para el delirium, realizadas por residentes de psiquiatría y psiquiatras en Colombia. Métodos: encuesta anónima basada en el consenso de expertos del Comité de Psiquiatría de Enlace de la Asociación Colombiana de Psiquiatría y en la literatura. Enviada por correo electrónico a los adscritos a la asociación. Resultados: Participaron 101 clínicos. Las medidas preventivas no farmacológicas como psi-coeducación, corrección de problemas sensoriales o higiene del sueno son realizadas por el 70% o más. Solo cerca de uno de cada 10 hace parte de algún programa multicomponente preventivo institucional. La prescripción preventiva de fármacos fue menor del 20%. Respecto al tratamiento no farmacológico, más del 75% hace corrección de dificultades sensoriales, control de estímulos y reorientación. Nadie indicó que en su centro la atención esté organizada para potenciar el tratamiento no farmacológico. El 17,8% no usa fármacos en el tratamiento. Los que los usan prefieren haloperidol o quetiapina, especialmente en casos hiperactivos o mixtos. Conclusiones: Las prácticas de los encuestados coinciden con las de otros expertos en el mundo. En general, las acciones no farmacológicas son iniciativas individuales, lo que evidencia la necesidad de que las instituciones colombianas de salud se comprometan con el abordaje del delirium, especialmente cuando su prevalencia y consecuencias son indicadores de calidad en la atención.

ABSTRACT Objective: To describe pharmacological and non-pharmacological practices for delirium, carried out by psychiatry residents and psychiatrists in Colombia. Methods: An anonymous survey was conducted based on the consensus of experts of the Liaison Psychiatry Committee of the Asociación Colombiana de Psiquiatría [Colombian Psychiatric Association] and on the literature review. It was sent by email to the association members. Results: 101 clinicians participated. Non-pharmacological preventive measures such as psychoeducation, correction of sensory problems or sleep hygiene are performed by 70% or more. Only about 1 in 10 participants are part of an institutional multi-component prevention programme. The preventive prescription of drugs was less than 20%. Regarding non-pharmacological treatment, more than 75% recommend correction of sensory difficulties, control of stimuli and reorientation. None of the participants indicated that the care at their centres is organised to enhance non-pharmacological treatment. 17.8% do not use medication in the treatment of delirium. Those who use it prefer haloperidol or quetiapine, particularly in hyperactive or mixed motor subtypes. Conclusions: The practices of the respondents coincide with those of other experts around the world. In general, non-pharmacological actions are individual initiatives, which demonstrates the need in Colombian health institutions to commit to addressing delirium, in particular when its prevalence and consequences are indicators of quality of care.

RESUMO: Objetivos: Os objetivos do presente estudo foram: 1) estimar a prevalência de multimorbidade nos anos de 2013 e 2019 em adultos de 18 a 59 anos; 2) avaliar as desigualdades na prevalência de multimorbidade em 2013 e 2019, de acordo com a escolaridade. Métodos: Foram utilizados dados de dois inquéritos transversais da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde de 2013 e 2019. A multimorbidade foi avaliada a partir de 14 morbidades autorreferidas a partir de diagnóstico médico na vida (exceto problema na coluna) e definida usando-se o ponto de corte de ≥ 2 doenças. As prevalências de multimorbidade e morbidades individuais foram descritas de acordo com sexo, idade, cor da pele e escolaridade. Desigualdades brutas e relativas nas prevalências conforme a escolaridade foram calculadas utilizando-se o Slope Index of Inequality e o Concentration Index, respectivamente. Resultados: A prevalência de multimorbidade aumentou de 18,7% (IC95% 18,0–19,3), em 2013, para 22,3% (IC95% 21,7–22,9), em 2019, sendo maior entre mulheres e adultos entre 30 e 59 anos em ambos os períodos. Asma/bronquite, depressão e problemas na coluna foram as condições que mais aumentaram no período. Desigualdades absolutas e relativas foram observadas, com prevalências superiores entre os menos escolarizados e sem diferença entre os anos. Conclusões: A prevalência de multimorbidade aumentou no período de 2013 a 2019. Desigualdades na prevalência de multimorbidade foram observadas de acordo com a escolaridade.

ABSTRACT: Objective: The aims of this study were: 1) to estimate the prevalence of multimorbidity in 2013 and 2019 in adults aged 20–59 years; 2) to assess inequalities in the prevalence of multimorbidity in 2013 and 2019 according to educational level. Methods: Data from two cross-sectional surveys from the Brazilian National Health Survey in 2013 and 2019 were used. Multimorbidity was assessed from 14 lifetime self-reported morbidities (except back problems) and defined using the cutoff point of ≥2 diseases. The prevalence of multimorbidity and individual morbidities were described according to gender, age, skin color, and education. For education, crude, and relative inequalities in prevalence of multimorbidity were calculated using the Slope Index of Inequality and the Concentration Index, respectively. Results: The prevalence of multimorbidity increased from 18.7% (95%CI 18.0–19.3) in 2013 to 22.3% (95%CI 21.7–22.9) in 2019, being higher among women and adults between 30–59 years in both periods. Asthma/bronchitis, depression, and back problems were the conditions that increased the most in the study period. Absolute and relative inequalities by education status were observed in the study period, with worse multimorbidity profiles among the less educated. Conclusion: The prevalence of multimorbidity increased between 2013 and 2019. Inequalities in the prevalence of multimorbidity were observed according to educational level.

RESUMO: Objetivos: Os objetivos do presente estudo foram: 1) estimar a prevalência de multimorbidade nos anos de 2013 e 2019 em adultos de 18 a 59 anos; 2) avaliar as desigualdades na prevalência de multimorbidade em 2013 e 2019, de acordo com a escolaridade. Métodos: Foram utilizados dados de dois inquéritos transversais da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde de 2013 e 2019. A multimorbidade foi avaliada a partir de 14 morbidades autorreferidas a partir de diagnóstico médico na vida (exceto problema na coluna) e definida usando-se o ponto de corte de ≥ 2 doenças. As prevalências de multimorbidade e morbidades individuais foram descritas de acordo com sexo, idade, cor da pele e escolaridade. Desigualdades brutas e relativas nas prevalências conforme a escolaridade foram calculadas utilizando-se o Slope Index of Inequality e o Concentration Index, respectivamente. Resultados: A prevalência de multimorbidade aumentou de 18,7% (IC95% 18,0–19,3), em 2013, para 22,3% (IC95% 21,7–22,9), em 2019, sendo maior entre mulheres e adultos entre 30 e 59 anos em ambos os períodos. Asma/bronquite, depressão e problemas na coluna foram as condições que mais aumentaram no período. Desigualdades absolutas e relativas foram observadas, com prevalências superiores entre os menos escolarizados e sem diferença entre os anos. Conclusões: A prevalência de multimorbidade aumentou no período de 2013 a 2019. Desigualdades na prevalência de multimorbidade foram observadas de acordo com a escolaridade.

ABSTRACT: Objective: The aims of this study were: 1) to estimate the prevalence of multimorbidity in 2013 and 2019 in adults aged 20–59 years; 2) to assess inequalities in the prevalence of multimorbidity in 2013 and 2019 according to educational level. Methods: Data from two cross-sectional surveys from the Brazilian National Health Survey in 2013 and 2019 were used. Multimorbidity was assessed from 14 lifetime self-reported morbidities (except back problems) and defined using the cutoff point of ≥2 diseases. The prevalence of multimorbidity and individual morbidities were described according to gender, age, skin color, and education. For education, crude, and relative inequalities in prevalence of multimorbidity were calculated using the Slope Index of Inequality and the Concentration Index, respectively. Results: The prevalence of multimorbidity increased from 18.7% (95%CI 18.0–19.3) in 2013 to 22.3% (95%CI 21.7–22.9) in 2019, being higher among women and adults between 30–59 years in both periods. Asthma/bronchitis, depression, and back problems were the conditions that increased the most in the study period. Absolute and relative inequalities by education status were observed in the study period, with worse multimorbidity profiles among the less educated. Conclusion: The prevalence of multimorbidity increased between 2013 and 2019. Inequalities in the prevalence of multimorbidity were observed according to educational level.

ABSTRACT Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) are a major cause of disease burden in Peru as well as in other developing countries. Responses to control NCDs require multidisciplinary research, both locally and internationally. The CRONICAS Center of Excellence in Chronic Diseases at Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, in Peru, has conducted scientific research in the field of NCDs in Peru for more than 10 years. This article highlights some of the scientific research, including epidemiological studies such as the PERU MIGRANT study, and the CRONICAS cohort study. We also summarize our results from systematic reviews in the field of NCDs and results of interventions to tackle NCDs. The scientific research studies conducted by CRONICAS signal potential advancements to counter NCDs in developing countries.

RESUMEN Las enfermedades no transmisibles (ENT) son causa importante de carga de enfermedad en el Perú, así como en otros países en desarrollo. Las respuestas para el control de las ENT requieren de investigación multidisciplinaria, tanto a nivel local como internacional. Desde hace más de 10 años, CRONICAS: Centro de Excelencia en Enfermedades Crónicas, de la Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, realiza investigación en el campo de las ENT en el Perú. En el presente artículo se describen algunos estudios realizados, incluyendo los estudios epidemiológicos PERU MIGRANT, y la cohorte CRONICAS. También se presentan resultados de revisiones sistemáticas y resultados de intervenciones frente a las ENT. A través de estos estudios llevados a cabo por el centro CRONICAS se señalan potenciales áreas para afrontar las ENT en países en desarrollo.

Abstract This article explores new mechanisms through which countries can improve their connection with global innovation networks, beyond the traditional mechanisms to absorb foreign technology such as international trade and foreign direct investment. Through the case study of Chile, we discuss new opportunities and challenges associated with the development of public policies specifically designed to attract foreign entrepreneurs and international universities. This study contributes to expanding the existing literature on the globalization of innovation, while suggesting a set of recommendations for public policies.

Resumen Este artículo explora nuevos mecanismos mediante los cuales los países pueden mejorar su conexión con redes globales de innovación, más allá de los mecanismos tradicionales para absorber tecnología extranjera como el comercio internacional y la inversión extranjera directa. A través del estudio del caso de Chile, se discuten las oportunidades y retos asociados al diseño de políticas públicas orientadas a atraer emprendedores extranjeros y universidades internacionales. Este estudio contribuye a la literatura existente sobre la globalización de la innovación, así como a sugerir una serie de recomendaciones para las políticas públicas.

Abstract The purpose of this work is to demonstrate that innovation promotes the probability of small companies to be a part of the supplier networks of large companies established in the local industrial parks. This is specifically demonstrated through the design of a logistic regression model, which indicates that the greater the number of innovations (product, process, administration, and commercialization) the greater the probability of a small company chosen at random to be a supplier for the multinational companies that lead global value networks. The hypothesis tests are carried out on a random sample of metal-mechanic and information technology companies of Sonora. This was based on the results of previous investigations, where it is demonstrated that this type of companies is in better conditions to participate in the supplier networks of large companies.

Resumen El propósito del presente trabajo es demostrar que la innovación promueve la probabilidad de que las pequeñas empresas formen parte de las redes de proveeduría de las grandes empresas asentadas en los parques industriales locales. En particular, se demuestra a través del diseño de un modelo de regresión logística que a mayor número de tipos de innovaciones (de producto, proceso, administración y comercialización), mayor es la probabilidad de que una pequeña empresa cualquiera elegida al azar sea proveedora de las empresas multinacionales que encabezan redes globales de valor. Las pruebas de hipótesis se realizan sobre la base de una muestra aleatoria de pequeñas empresas metalmecánicas y de tecnologías de la información de Sonora, basados en los resultados de investigaciones anteriores, donde se demuestra que este tipo de empresas están en mejores condiciones de participar en las redes de proveeduría de las grandes empresas.

Resumo O presente estudo apresenta uma metodologia para enfrentar o desafio de mostrar objetivamente os Serviços Hidrológicos Ecossistêmicos (SHE). Um estudo de caso é utilizado na região da Península La Guajira (Colômbia), com ênfase sobre os SHE de regulação do fluxo de água. A metodologia proposta estabelece, como hipóteses, que os SHE não têm sido objetivamente mostrados, levando à falha na implementação de diretrizes de Pagamentos por Serviços Ambientais (PSA). Nesse sentido, objetivou-se compreender e quantificar a relação entre a cobertura vegetal e a regulação da vazão do rio. Para provar essa relação e a existência dos mencionados SHE nos ecossistemas de La Guajira, determinaram-se as mudanças na cobertura vegetal entre 2000 até 2013 utilizando o Índice de Vegetação por Diferença Normalizada (NDVI). Também foi quantificada a regulação da vazão usando séries de tempo hidrológicas e meteorológicas da área de estudo. Os métodos utilizados foram insuficientes para determinar a influência da vegetação na regulação hídrica dos SHE, porém, evidenciou-se uma maior influência da morfometria em bacias de tamanho médio e grande. Outro resultado importante mostra a relevância de se selecionar uma resolução espacial e temporal adequada quando se quantificam serviços de regulação hídrica e sua relação com as características da cobertura vegetal. Desta maneira, esse trabalho mostra a complexidade de se quantificar os SHE. Além disso, realça alguns aspectos que devem ser tomados em conta para quantificar corretamente a regulação da vazão devido à cobertura vegetal.

Abstract This study presents a methodology to address the challenge of objectively demonstrating Ecosystem Hydrological Services (EHS). A case study is used in the region of the La Guajira Peninsula (Colombia), with a focus on the EHS of water flow regulation. The proposed methodology hypothesizes that EHS that have not been objectively demonstrated lead to failures in the implementation of guidelines of Payments for Ecosystem Services (PES). Following this idea, we have tried to understand and quantify the relationship between vegetation coverage and streamflow regulation. To prove this relationship and the existence of the mentioned EHS in the La Guajira Ecosystem, we determined land cover changes from 2000 to 2013 using the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), and we also quantified the streamflow regulation using hydrological and meteorological time series in the study area. The analysis methods used were insufficient to determine the influence of vegetation on hydric regulation EHS; nevertheless, a greater influence of morphometry was observed in medium-and large-sized basins. Another important finding shows the relevance of selecting an adequate spatial and time resolution when quantifying water flow regulation services and its relationship with land cover characteristics. In this way, this exercise shows the complexity of quantifying EHS. Furthermore, we highlight some aspects that must be taken into account to properly quantify streamflow regulation due to vegetation coverage.

El propósito del estudio es identificar las capacidades de absorción del conocimiento como fuente de ventajas competitivas que potencializan en las pymes las posibilidades de integrarse a las cadenas globales de valor. Para ello se realizó una revisión del estado del arte que fundamenta la propuesta de un modelo basado en 2 enfoques teóricos: el de sistemas de innovación y el de cadenas globales de valor. La implementación se realizó en pymes del noroeste de México en los sectores de tecnologías de información y metalmecánica. Los resultados muestran que cuando las pymes locales son proveedoras de empresas transnacionales reciben transferencia de conocimientos que les permiten ingresar o mejorar su posición en las cadenas globales de valor.

The purpose of this study is to identify capacities of knowledge absorption as a source of competitive advantage that strengthens the possibilities of SMEs to integrate themselves into global value chains. To this end, a review on the state of the art was made, underlying a model proposal, which is based on two theoretical approaches, innovation systems and global value chains. It was implemented in SMEs located in north-western Mexico in the sectors of Information Technology and Metalworking. Results show that those SMEs who are suppliers of translational corporations are getting knowledge that grants them access to global value chains or improves their ranking in them.

O objetivo do estudo é identificar as capacidades de absorção do conhecimento como fonte de vantagens competitivas para potenciar nas PME as possibilidades de integrar-se em cadeias de valor globais. Para tal, foi realizada uma revisão do estado da arte que é a base da proposta de um modelo baseado em duas abordagens teóricas: a inovação de sistemas e as cadeias de valor globais. A implementação foi feita em PME dos setores da tecnologia da informação e da metalurgia localizadas no noroeste do México. Os resultados mostram que, quando as PME locais são fornecedoras de empresas transnacionais, recebem uma transferência de conhecimentos que lhes permitem integrar-se nas cadeias de valor globais ou melhorar a sua posição nelas.

Introducción: El reporte inadecuado de estudios transversales, como en el caso de la prevalencia de síndrome metabólico, podría causar problemas en la síntesis de nueva evidencia y generar errores en la formulación de políticas públicas. Objetivo: Evaluar la calidad de reporte de estudios transversales sobre la prevalencia de síndrome metabólico en Perú utilizando las recomendaciones de STROBE. Métodos: Se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica exhaustiva hasta Diciembre 2014 en MEDLINE/PubMed, LILACS, SciELO, LIPECS y BVS-Perú con los términos "Metabolic Syndrome", "Sindrome Metabolico" y "Peru". Se seleccionaron estudios observacionales con base poblacional, muestreo aleatorizado, que reportaran datos de prevalencia en adultos mayores de 18 años de ambos sexos. La información fue analizada a través de STROBE según puntuación por artículo y por recomendación. Resultados: Diecisiete artículos fueron incluidos en este estudio. Todos cumplieron con las recomendaciones relacionadas con el reporte de razones y fundamentos de la investigación, reporte del diseño de estudio y la proporción de medidas de resumen. Las recomendaciones con menor puntaje fueron las relacionadas a la descripción del análisis de sensibilidad (8%, n= 1/13), consideración del uso de diagrama de flujo para los participantes (18%, n= 3/17), explicación del análisis de datos ausentes (24%, n= 4/17) y del número de participantes en cada fase (24%, n= 4/17). Conclusión: Los estudios transversales sobre prevalencia de síndrome metabólico en adultos del Perú presentan un inadecuado reporte en las secciones de métodos y resultados. Se identifica una clara necesidad de mejorar la calidad de este tipo de estudios.

Introduction: The inadequate reporting of cross-sectional studies, as in the case of the prevalence of metabolic syndrome, could cause problems in the synthesis of new evidence and lead to errors in the formulation of public policies. Objective: To evaluate the reporting quality of the articles regarding metabolic syndrome prevalence in Peruvian adults using the STROBE recommendations. Methods: We conducted a thorough literature search with the terms "Metabolic Syndrome", "Sindrome Metabolico" and "Peru" in MEDLINE/PubMed, LILACS, SciELO, LIPECS and BVS-Peru until December 2014. We selected those who were population-based observational studies with randomized sampling that reported prevalence of metabolic syndrome in adults aged 18 or more of both sexes. Information was analysed through the STROBE score per item and recommendation. Results: Seventeen articles were included in this study. All articles met the recommendations related to the report of the study's rationale, design, and provision of summary measures. The recommendations with the lowest scores were those related to the sensitivity analysis (8%, n= 1/17), participant flowchart (18%, n= 3/17), missing data analysis (24%, n= 4/17), and number of participants in each study phase (24%, n= 4/17). Conclusion: Cross-sectional studies regarding the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in peruvian adults have an inadequate reporting on the methods and results sections. We identified a clear need to improve the quality of such studies.

Se presenta el caso de una paciente con trastorno afectivo bipolar de base, a quien se le instaura manejo para un hipotiroidismo subclínico, convirtiéndose este en un hipertiroidismo que cursó con manifiestaciones anímicas de tipo depresivo y un curso de su patología mental previa aún más grave. Típicamente en el hipotiroidismo hay síntomas depresivos, y en el hipertiroidismo, síntomas maniformes. Se ha reportado que pocos pacientes con hipertiroidismo presentan todo lo contrario: afecto triste, adinamia y apatía. Es claro que el hipertiroidismo es un factor de riesgo para desarrollar o precipitar depresión y para aumentar los reingresos hospitalarios; además, los síntomas afectivos se desarrollan o empeoran por exceso de hormona tiroidea. Se describe la relación entre alteraciones tiroideas y cuadros afectivos.

We present the case of a person with baseline Bipolar Affective Disorder, who starts receiving medical treatment for subclinical Hypothyroidism, during this time the patient develops Hy-perthyroidism. During the course of the latter, the patient started to exhibit depressed mood symptoms and worsening of her baseline disorder. Typically there are depressive symptoms in hypothyroidism and manic symptoms in hyperthyroidism, there have been a few cases of depressive symptoms (depressed mood, asthenia and apathy) reported in patients with hyperthyroidism. Up till now it's a fact that Hyperthyroidism constitutes itself as a risk factor for developing or precipitating depressive states, thus increasing hospital readmissions, and another important fact is that of manifiesting or worsening affective symptoms due to the influence of thyroid hormones. We also present the well-known relationship between thyroid malfunction and affective disorders.